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You are here: Home / Archives for USA

Field Thistle: Edible & Medicinal

April 8, 2016 by Mike Leave a Comment

Field Thistle fin Field Thistle back finField Thistle, Cirsium discolor, is one of those common plants that almost everyone knows. The stem, root and leaves can be eaten cooked or raw, but make sure you take the time to remove the spines. The Cree, Iroquois and Meskwaki Indians all used this plant for medicinal purposes. Western herbal medicine used the root as a tonic and astringent.

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Field Thistle Sources:

Audubon Guides Box Set – Birds, Tree, Wildflowers & Mammals. Computer Software.Green Mountain Digital. Version: 2.3. Web. Jul 10, 2014.

Brill, Steve. Wild Edibles Plus. Computer Software. WinterRoot LLC. Version 1.5. 2012. Web. Feb. 15, 2014.

Felter, Harvey Wickes, M.D., and John Uri Lloyd, Phr. M., Ph. D. King’s American Dispensatory, Vol. 1. Cincinnati: The Ohio Valley Company, 1905. pg. 560-561

Fernald, Merritt Lyndon & Alfred Charles Kinsey. Edible Wild Plants of Eastern North America. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. 1996. Print. pg. 367-368

Foster, Steven and James A. Duke. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Print. pg. 188

Herrick, James William. Iroquois Medical Botany. Ph.D. Thesis, New York: State University of New York, Albany 1977. Print. pg. 188, 231

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 163

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 430-431

Peterson, Lee Allen. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants; Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977. Print. pg. 126-127

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

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White Vervain: Medicinal & Cautions

April 6, 2016 by Mike Leave a Comment

White Vervain fin White Vervain back finWhite Vervain, Verbena urticifolia, is an easily overlooked flower of summer because the flowers are small and only a few open at a time. The flowers grow in spikes, the leaves are opposite, coarsely toothed, and egg-shaped. The stem is known to be usually hairy. It was not used as a food source but it does have some medicinal value. The Meskwaki made an infusion of the roots and took it for profuse menstruation and ate its roots to restore health. Western herbal medicine used it to relieve gastric irritations, fever, anorexia, gravel, worms and it was mixed with white oak and used for poisoning caused by poison ivy.

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White Vervain Sources:

Felter, Harvey Wickes, M.D., and John Uri Lloyd, Phr. M., Ph. D. King’s American Dispensatory, Vol. 2. Cincinnati: The Ohio Valley Company, 1905. pg. 2055-2056

Foster, Steven and James A. Duke. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Print. pg. 176-177

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 592

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 282-283

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

Filed Under: (3) Leaves Toothed or Lobed 54, August, Blog, July, June, Medicinal Wildflowers, October, September, White Tagged With: 543, anorexia, back to the land movement, bushcraft, Bushman's Wildflower Guide, eastern wildflowers, emetic, Ethnobotany, expectorant, fever, field guide, gastric irritations, gravel, gynecological aid, homestead, homesteader, homesteading, how to identify and use white vervain, medicinal, medicinal roots, Meskwaki, National Park, nature, Newcomb's Wildflower Guide, Ohio, P2F, plant identification, Plight to Freedom, Poison Ivy, profuse menstruation, sudorific, survival, survivalist, tonic, USA, Verbena urticifolia, Verbena urticifolia American Indian Remedies, Verbena urticifolia Ethnobotany, Verbena urticifolia Medicinal, Verbena urticifolia Medicine, Verbena urticifolia Plant ID, Verbena urticifolia Plant Identification, Verbena urticifolia survival medicine, Verbena urticifolia Survival Plants, Verbena urticifolia Wild Medicine, Vervain family, warning, western herbal medicine, White Vervain, White Vervain American Indian Remedies, White Vervain Ethnobotany, White Vervain Medicinal, White Vervain Medicine, White Vervain Plant ID, White Vervain Plant Identification, White Vervain survival medicine, White Vervain Survival Plants, White Vervain Wild Medicine, wild medicinal, Wilderness, wildflower, worms

Round-Leaved Ragwort: Poison & Medicinal

April 4, 2016 by Mike Leave a Comment

Round-Leaved Ragwort finRound-Leaved Ragwort back finRound-Leaved Ragwort, Pachera obovatus, formally known as Senecio obovatus is a common flower of spring and early summer. Many ragworts contain a highly toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, these alkaloids are hepatoxic meaning it damages the liver. This specific species of ragwort has not been identified for any medicinal purpose by the American Indians.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

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Round-Leaved Ragwort Sources:

 

Felter, Harvey Wickes, M.D., and John Uri Lloyd, Phr. M., Ph. D. King’s American Dispensatory, Vol. 2. Cincinnati: The Ohio Valley Company, 1905. pg.1748-1749

Foster, Steven and James A. Duke. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Print. pg. 136

Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey. Cherokee Plants and Their Uses- A 400 Year History. North Carolina: Herald Publishing. 1975. Print. pg. 52

Herrick, James William. Iroquois Medical Botany. Ph.D. Thesis, New York: State University of New York, Albany 1977. Print. pg. 142

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 526-527

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 378-379

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

 

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Clustered Snakeroot: Medicinal

April 1, 2016 by Mike Leave a Comment

Clustered Snakeroot fin Clustered Snakeroot back finClustered Snakeroot, Sanicula odorata, synonymous with Sanicula gregaria is an easily over looked wild flower of mid summer. The name snakeroot comes from its use as a folk medicine to treat venomous snakebites.  This member of the Parsley Family was not widely use for its medicinal properties. When it was by American Indians, it was used to relieve pain, aid kidney functions, stops nosebleeds.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

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Clustered Snakeroot Sources:

Felter, Harvey Wickes, M.D., and John Uri Lloyd, Phr. M., Ph. D. King’s American Dispensatory, Vol. 2. Cincinnati: The Ohio Valley Company, 1905. pg. 1715

Foster, Steven and James A. Duke. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Print. pg. 73-74

Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey. Cherokee Plants and Their Uses- A 400 Year History. North Carolina: Herald Publishing. 1975. Print. pg. 55

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 517

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 426-427

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

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Wild Blue Phlox: Medicinal

March 30, 2016 by Mike Leave a Comment

Wild Blue Phlox fin Wild Blue Phlox back finWild Blue Phlox, Phlox divaricata, is a colorful wildflower of early spring sometimes called Sweet William. Like many other flowers of spring this plant gives some life to the forest. The flower lobes are about as long as the tube with indented tips. The plant has opposite leaves and the leaves are entire, meaning that the edge of the leaf is smooth, and oblong or egg-shaped. The upper stem and calyx is hairy.

Many members of the Phlox Family have been used by American Indians for various medicinal uses. Wild Blue Phlox, Phlox divaricata, was not identified as a species that was used. Medicinally, phloxes have been used as a dermatological, gastrointestinal, dietary, gynecological and pediatric aids. It was used on sores, bruises, burns, as an eye wash, stimulant and even as a love medicine.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

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Wild Blue Phlox Sources:

Audubon Guides Box Set – Birds, Tree, Wildflowers & Mammals. Computer Software.Green Mountain Digital. Version: 2.3. Web. Jul 10, 2014.

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 392-393

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 248-249

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

Filed Under: (2) Leaves Entire, April, Blog, Blue, March, May, Medicinal Wildflowers, Purple Tagged With: 542, bruises, burns, Bushman's Wildflower Guide, Dermatological aid, dietary aid, eastern wildflowers, Ethnobotany, eye wash, field guide, gastrointestinal aid, gynecological aid, homesteading, Love Medicine, medicinal, National Park, nature, Newcomb's Wildflower Guide, Ohio, P2F, pediatric aid, perennial, phlox divaricata, Phlox divaricata American Indian Remedies, Phlox divaricata Ethnobotany, Phlox divaricata Medicinal, Phlox divaricata Medicine, Phlox divaricata Plant ID, Phlox divaricata Plant Identification, Phlox divaricata Survival Medicine, Phlox divaricata Wild Medicine, phlox family, plant identification, Plight to Freedom, prepper, sores, stimulant, survivalist, USA, wild blue phlox, Wild Blue Phlox American Indian Remedies, Wild Blue Phlox Ethnobotany, Wild Blue Phlox Medicinal, Wild Blue Phlox Medicine, Wild Blue Phlox Plant ID, Wild Blue Phlox Plant Identification, Wild Blue Phlox Survival Medicine, Wild Blue Phlox Wild Medicine, wild medicinal, Wilderness, wildflower

Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle: Edible & Medicinal

March 28, 2016 by Mike 1 Comment

Spiny-leaved Sow Thistle fin Spiny-leaved Sow Thistle back finSpiny-Leaved Sow Thistle, Sonchus asper, you can find this thistle almost all year and it was used for both its edible and medicinal properties. You can find it in fields, waste places and even in your garden. The leaves can be prepared much like dandelion leaves. They can be eaten raw, added to salads, or cooked and added to soups, stews and sauces. Medicinally a leaf infusion was used to cause urination and open obstructions. The Navajo considered the plant poisonous.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

BLOG SIG

 

 

Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Sources:

Audubon Guides Box Set – Birds, Tree, Wildflowers & Mammals. Computer Software.Green Mountain Digital. Version: 2.3. Web. Jul 10, 2014.

Brill, Steve. Wild Edibles Plus. Computer Software. WinterRoot LLC. Version 1.5. 2012. Web. Feb. 15, 2014.

Culpeper, M.D., Nicholas. Culpeper Color Herbal. Ed. David Potterton. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1983. Print. pg. 180-181

Fernald, Merritt Lyndon & Alfred Charles Kinsey. Edible Wild Plants of Eastern North America. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. 1996. Print. pg. 373-374

Herrick, James William. Iroquois Medical Botany. Ph.D. Thesis, New York: State University of New York, Albany 1977. Print. pg. 115

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 538

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 370-371

Peterson, Lee Allen. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants; Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977. Print. pg. 86-87

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

Filed Under: (3) Leaves Toothed or Lobed, April, August, Blog, Edible Wildflowers, July, June, May, Medicinal Wildflowers, October, September, Yellow Tagged With: 733, back to the land, back to the land movement, bushcraft, Bushman's Wildflower Guide, composite family, eastern wildflowers, edible, Ethnobotany, field guide, food, homestead, homesteader, homesteaders, Iroquois, Luiseno, medicinal, mohave, mountain man, National Park, nature, Navajo, Newcomb's Wildflower Guide, Ohio, P2F, pima, plant identification, Plight to Freedom, prepper, sonchus asper, Sonchus asper American Indian Remedies, Sonchus asper Edible, Sonchus asper Edible Wild Plants, Sonchus asper Ethnobotany, Sonchus asper Medicinal, Sonchus asper Medicine, Sonchus asper Plant ID, Sonchus asper Plant Identification, Sonchus asper Survival food, Sonchus asper Survival Medicine, Sonchus asper Survival Plants, Sonchus asper Wild Edibles, Sonchus asper Wild Medicine, spiny-leaved sow thistle, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle American Indian Remedies, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Edible, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Edible Wild Plants, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Ethnobotany, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Medicinal, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Medicine, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Plant ID, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Plant Identification, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Survival food, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Survival Medicine, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Survival Plants, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Wild Edibles, Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle Wild Medicine, survival, survivalist, USA, wild edible, wild medicinal, Wilderness, wildflower

Tall Ironweed: Edible, Medicinal & Other Uses

March 21, 2016 by Mike 6 Comments

Tall Ironweed finTall Ironweed back finTall Ironweed, Vernonia altissima, a plant of late summer with interesting little purple flowers in a dense head. This particular species has not been identified or used for any specific purpose but it has been noted that many of the Vernonias have been used for similar medicinal purposes by the Cherokee Indians. It was used for monthly periods, afterbirth pains, loose teeth, stomach ulcers and hemorrhage and it was used for dandruff.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

BLOG SIG

 

 

Tall Ironweed Sources:

Audubon Guides Box Set – Birds, Tree, Wildflowers & Mammals. Computer Software.Green Mountain Digital. Version: 2.3. Web. Jul 10, 2014.

Foster, Steven and James A. Duke. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Print. pg. 222

Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey. Cherokee Plants and Their Uses- A 400 Year History. North Carolina: Herald Publishing. 1975. Print. pg. 41

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 593

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 210-211

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

 

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Wild Parsnip: Edible, Medicinal & Cautions

March 18, 2016 by Mike 4 Comments

Wild Parsnip finWild Parsnip back finWild Parsnip, Pastinaca sativa, is an edible plant that can give you a rash worse than Poison Ivy and the redness can last for months. So if you’re around this plant and you have been sweeting avoid or approach with caution. The Potawatomi and Ojibwa both considered the root poisonous. The root can be harvested from fall to early spring eaten raw or cooked until tender, but keep in mind the rash you can get trying to harvest the root.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

BLOG SIG

Wild Parsnip Sources:

Audubon Guides Box Set – Birds, Tree, Wildflowers & Mammals. Computer Software.Green Mountain Digital. Version: 2.3. Web. Jul 10, 2014.

Brill, Steve. Wild Edibles Plus. Computer Software. WinterRoot LLC. Version 1.5. 2012. Web. Feb. 15, 2014.

Fernald, Merritt Lyndon & Alfred Charles Kinsey. Edible Wild Plants of Eastern North America. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. 1996. Print. pg. 297

Foster, Steven and James A. Duke. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Print. pg. 125-126

Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey. Cherokee Plants and Their Uses- A 400 Year History. North Carolina: Herald Publishing. 1975. Print. pg. 47

Herrick, James William. Iroquois Medical Botany. Ph.D. Thesis, New York: State University of New York, Albany 1977. Print. pg. 195, 196

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 379

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 226-227

Peterson, Lee Allen. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants; Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977. Print. pg. 66-67

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

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Wild Hyacinth: Edible & Medicinal

March 16, 2016 by Mike Leave a Comment

Wild Hyacinth finWild Hyacinth back finWild Hyacinth, Camassia scilloides, or Eastern Camas is a member of the lily family and has been a staple food source to many American Indians. It has typically been confused with its western cousins, C. quamash or C. esculenta, but it is believed to be just as edible.  The onion-like bulbs can be harvested all year. They were either boiled for 20-30 minutes or baked in a pit lined with hot stones. Some American Indians even preserved it for winter use.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

BLOG SIG

Wild Hyacinth Sources:

Audubon Guides Box Set – Birds, Tree, Wildflowers & Mammals. Computer Software.Green Mountain Digital. Version: 2.3. Web. Jul 10, 2014.

Fernald, Merritt Lyndon & Alfred Charles Kinsey. Edible Wild Plants of Eastern North America. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. 1996. Print. pg. 133

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 134-135

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 332-333

Peterson, Lee Allen. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants; Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977. Print. pg. 136-137

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

Filed Under: (2) Leaves Entire, April, Blog, Blue, Edible Wildflowers, June, May, Medicinal Wildflowers Tagged With: American Indian Remedies Camassia scilloides, American Indian Remedies Wild Hyacinth, back to the land, blackfoot, bushcraft, Bushman's Wildflower Guide, Camassia scilloides, coeur d'Alene, comanche, creek, eastern wildflowers, edible bulb, Edible Camassia scilloides, Edible Wild Hyacinth, Edible Wild Plants Camassia scilloides, Ethnobotany, Ethnobotany Camassia scilloides, Ethnobotany Wild Hyacinth, field guide, food, homestead, homesteader, homesteading, living history, medicinal, Medicinal Camassia scilloides, medicinal roots, Medicinal Wild Hyacinth, Medicine Camassia scilloides, Medicine Wild Hyacinth, montana, nature, Newcomb's Wildflower Guide, Ohio, P2F, perennial, Plant ID Camassia scilloides, Plant ID Wild Hyacinth, plant identification, Plant Identification Camassia scilloides, Plant Identification Wild Hyacinth, Plight to Freedom, prepper, scouting, spokan, survival, Survival food Camassia scilloides, Survival food Wild Hyacinth, Survival Medicine Camassia scilloides, Survival Medicine Wild Hyacinth, Survival Plants Camassia scilloides, Survival Plants Wild Hyacinth, survivalist, thompson, USA, wild edible, Wild Edible Plants Wild Hyacinth, Wild Edibles Camassia scilloides, Wild Edibles Wild Hyacinth, Wild Hyacinth, wild medicinal, Wild Medicine Camassia scilloides, Wild Medicine Wild Hyacinth, Wilderness, wildflower

Hairy Wood Mint: Edible & Medicinal

March 14, 2016 by Mike 1 Comment

Hairy Wood Mint 2 Hairy Wood Mint back 2

Hairy Wood Mint, Blephilia hirsuta, a common mint in my area with interesting little white or purple flowers that are in bloom from May to August. The leaves have both a minty and earthy taste. They can be steeped in hot water for five to ten minutes to make a tea. Or, they can be used to add flavor to sauces, jams, jellies and beverages. Medicinally, they could possibly be used in place of Blephilia ciliata as a remedy for headaches.

Keep your eyes and ears open and your powder dry.

BLOG SIG

Hairy Wood Mint Sources:

Foster, Steven and James A. Duke. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Medicinal Plants and Herbs of Eastern and Central North America. 2nd. ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000. Print. pg. 216

Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey. Cherokee Plants and Their Uses- A 400 Year History. North Carolina: Herald Publishing. 1975. Print. pg. 45

Moerman Daniel E., Native American Ethnobotany, Portland: Timber Press. 1998. Print. pg. 126

Newcomb, Lawrence. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1977. Print. pg. 84-85

Peterson, Lee Allen. The Peterson Field Guide Series; A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants; Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1977. Print. pg. 138-139

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Services. Web.

Filed Under: (3) Leaves Toothed or Lobed 14, August, Blog, Edible Wildflowers, July, June, May, Medicinal Wildflowers, Purple, Yellow Tagged With: 143, American Indian Remedies Blephilia hirsuta, American Indian Remedies Hairy Wood Mint, Blephilia hirsuta, bushcraft, Bushman's Wildflower Guide, Cherokee, drinks, eastern wildflowers, edible, Edible Blephilia hirsuta, Edible Hairy Wood Mint, Edible Wild Plants Blephilia hirsuta, Ethnobotany, Ethnobotany Blephilia hirsuta, Ethnobotany Hairy Wood Mint, field guide, food, gardening, hairy wood mint, headache, homestead, homesteaders, irregular flowers, jams, jellies, Leaves Toothed, living history, medicinal, Medicinal Blephilia hirsuta, Medicinal Hairy Wood Mint, Medicine Blephilia hirsuta, Medicine Hairy Wood Mint, mint family, National Park, nature, Newcomb's Wildflower Guide, off grid, Opposite Leaves, P2F, Plant ID Blephilia hirsuta, Plant ID Hairy Wood Mint, plant identification, Plant Identification Blephilia hirsuta, Plant Identification Hairy Wood Mint, Plight to Freedom, prepper, sauces, survival, Survival food Blephilia hirsuta, Survival food Hairy Wood Mint, Survival Medicine Blephilia hirsuta, Survival Medicine Hairy Wood Mint, Survival Plants Blephilia hirsuta, Survival Plants Hairy Wood Mint, survivalist, tea, USA, wild edible, Wild Edible Plants Hairy Wood Mint, Wild Edibles Blephilia hirsuta, Wild Edibles Hairy Wood Mint, wild medicinal, Wild Medicine Blephilia hirsuta, Wild Medicine Hairy Wood Mint, Wilderness, wildflower

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